Abstract

Carbon capture integration in urban systems represents a critical strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and achieving sustainable city development. Urban areas are responsible for a significant proportion of global carbon dioxide emissions due to energy consumption, transportation, and industrial activities. This paper examines the incorporation of carbon capture technologies into urban infrastructure, including building materials, energy systems, and transportation networks. Key approaches include direct air capture units in urban centers, carbon-sequestering construction materials, and integration with renewable energy sources for energy-efficient carbon capture operations. By linking carbon capture with smart city technologies, such as Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring and real-time data analytics, cities can optimize capture efficiency, track emissions, and support climate action plans. Multi-stakeholder engagement, encompassing policymakers, urban planners, researchers, and industry, is essential to ensure feasibility, scalability, and social acceptance. Case studies from pilot urban carbon capture projects demonstrate technical viability, economic considerations, and potential environmental co-benefits, including improved air quality and reduced urban heat effects. The findings highlight that integrating carbon capture into urban systems not only reduces emissions but also contributes to circular economy principles by enabling the reuse of captured carbon in construction, energy, and industrial applications. Future research should focus on cost reduction, technological innovation, regulatory frameworks, and community involvement to maximize adoption.